파이썬 FastAPI로 REST API 구현하기

 

 

 

 

 

FastAPI

카카오 챗봇 서버 예제

 

1. FastAPI 설치

pip install fastapi

pip install uvicorn
# 위는 ASGI 서버

 

2. FastAPI 베이스

/docs로 들어가면 위처럼 나온다.

 

기본 틀

from typing import Optional

from fastapi import FastAPI
from fastapi.encoders import jsonable_encoder

app = FastAPI()

@app.get("/")
async def read_root():
    return "Hi"

 

서버 실행

(main은 main.py, 이름에 맞춰 바꿔준다.)

(코드가 수정될 때마다 알아서 새로고침 해준다.)

uvicorn main:app --reload

 

3. JSON

사용할 데이터는 아래와 같다.

languages = [
    {
        "id": 0,
        "name": "Python",
        "designed_by": "Guido van Rossum",
        "first_appeared": 1991,
    },
    {"id": 1, "name": "Java", "designed_by": "James Gosling", "first_appeared": 1995},
]

 

JSONify

from fastapi.encoders import jsonable_encoder

@app.get("/items/languges")
async def read_language():
    return jsonable_encoder({"langs": languages})

 

GET

전체 데이터

 

/items/languges/0 에 들어가면 아래 JSON이 그대로 나온다.

@app.get("/items/languges/{item_id}")
async def get_language(item_id: int):
    result = {}

    for lang in languages:
        if lang["id"] == item_id:
            result = jsonable_encoder({"language": lang})
            break

    return result

GET

 

PUT

put 과정

@app.put("/items/languges")
def update_item(
    item_id: int, name: Optional[str], design: Optional[str], init: Optional[int]
):
    return languages.append(
        {"id": item_id, "name": name, "designed_by": design, "first_appeared": init}
    )

 

결과

curl -X GET "http://127.0.0.1:8000/items/languges" -H  "accept: application/json"

 

참고

from typing import Optional

from fastapi import FastAPI
from fastapi.encoders import jsonable_encoder

app = FastAPI()


languages = [
    {
        "id": 0,
        "name": "Python",
        "designed_by": "Guido van Rossum",
        "first_appeared": 1991,
    },
    {"id": 1, "name": "Java", "designed_by": "James Gosling", "first_appeared": 1995},
]


@app.get("/")
async def read_root():
    return "Hi"


@app.get("/items/languges")
async def read_language():
    return jsonable_encoder({"langs": languages})


@app.get("/items/languges/{item_id}")
async def get_language(item_id: int):
    result = {}

    for lang in languages:
        if lang["id"] == item_id:
            result = jsonable_encoder({"language": lang})
            break

    return result


@app.put("/items/languges")
def update_item(
    item_id: int, name: Optional[str], design: Optional[str], init: Optional[int]
):
    return languages.append(
        {"id": item_id, "name": name, "designed_by": design, "first_appeared": init}
    )

FastAPI 공식 문서 @링크

FastAPI